"basic condition"

#1468643

30 Sep 2016

Syrian workers in the fields near Torbali. Turkey, June 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468645

30 Sep 2016

Syrian workers in the fields near Torbali. Turkey, June 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468613

30 Sep 2016

A Syrian-Kurdish family in a tent. Turgutlu, Turkey. August 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468617

30 Sep 2016

A tent where is living a Syrian family. Maniza, Turkey. May 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468621

30 Sep 2016

A Syrian family in a tent where 8 family members live since 2015. Maniza, Turkey, august 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468624

30 Sep 2016

A Syrian girl during a food distribution. Torbali, Turkey. March 216. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468627

30 Sep 2016

Syrian-Kurdish women wait for a visit from a volunteer doctor. torbali, Turkey. March 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468630

30 Sep 2016

A Syrian woman prepar food for her family in Torbali. Turkey, March 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468633

30 Sep 2016

A Syrian woman lives in a tent near Torbali. She collects vegetable everyday for 15$ a day. Turkey, February 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468636

30 Sep 2016

A Syrian kid plays in an unformal camp near Izmir. Turkey. June 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468639

30 Sep 2016

syrian mother and son in their tent. Izmir, Turkey, March 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468647

30 Sep 2016

A syrian worker in the fields near Torbali. Turkey, June 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468649

30 Sep 2016

Syian refugees during a food distribution near Torbali. Izmir, Turkey, June 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468651

30 Sep 2016

Syrian-Kurdish refugee kids in an unformal camp near Izmir. Turkey. March 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468653

30 Sep 2016

A tent in an informal camp near the fields of Torbali. Izmir, turkey. April 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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#1468656

30 Sep 2016

Syrian refugee kids play in the backyard of an informal camp. Izmir, Turkey. April 2016. In the discrict of Izmir, in the western part of Turkey, live thousands of Syrian-Kurdish refugeesin extremely hard conditions. They collect fruits and vegetables for 10/12 hours a day for 30/40 TL (15$). They usually pay a monthly rent to the land owner for the space where they build their tents. The money they get for their work is enough just to survive. Their dream is to go back in Syria and rebuild their life there. The link between forced migrations and labour exploitation is nothing new: people who are forced to leave their land because of imminent danger are often willing to do anything in order to earn the bare minimum to provide for their families. This is especially the case when the host country does not guarantee legal forms of protection or if the few that are available do not provide effective forms of participation and engagement within the labour force for adults and the school system for the children. Obtaining a work permit in Turkey is a long and laborious process, and is considered an impossible task by most Syrians. The uncertainty caused by this jungle of bureaucracy suffocates hundreds of thousands of families who are forced to give in and accept occasional work in the informal sector, underpaid and under intolerable conditions so that they may receive a minimum income to cover their basic living costs.

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