Poland's Constitution Day: A Tribute To The Nation's Resilience And Progress

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Poland's Constitution Day: A Tribute To The Nation's Resilience And Progress

KRAKOW, POLAND - May 3, 2023: Lukasz Kmita (C), Voivode of Lesser Poland province and Ryszard Terlecki, Deputy Marshal of the Sejm (R) and other state and city representatives, army, veterans, law enforcement, and residents walk from Wawel Hill through Krakow's Old Town celebrating the world's second-oldest national constitution, on May 3, 2023, in Krakow, Poland. On May 3rd, Poles celebrate their Constitution, which was adopted in 1791 and was the first written fundamental law in Europe. It established a modern legal system and constitutional monarchy, and separated powers among three branches of government. Although it was in effect for only 14 months, it became a symbol of Poland's sovereignty and was outlawed during the country's occupation in World War II and the communist era. The holiday was restored in 1990 and is celebrated annually. (Photo by Artur Widak/NurPhoto)


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